{"id":25102,"date":"2026-10-07T14:49:26","date_gmt":"2026-10-07T14:49:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/financial-regulation-in-uruguay\/"},"modified":"2026-10-07T15:38:21","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T15:38:21","slug":"financial-regulation-in-uruguay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/financial-regulation-in-uruguay\/","title":{"rendered":"Financial regulation in Uruguay: the BCU, AML and compliance"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gt-keybox\">\n<p><strong>In short (updated 2026):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The <strong>Central Bank of Uruguay (BCU)<\/strong>, through its Financial Services Superintendency, licenses and supervises banks, exchange houses, the securities market, insurers, investment advisers, professional trustees and, since 2026, virtual asset service providers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Law 19.574<\/strong> (2017) is Uruguay&#8217;s comprehensive anti-money laundering law: it sets who the obliged entities are, what due diligence they must apply and where they report.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Law 19.484<\/strong> (2017) requires companies and trusts to declare their <strong>beneficial owner<\/strong> to the BCU and introduced the <strong>CRS<\/strong>: banks report non-residents&#8217; accounts to the DGI.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Law 20.345<\/strong> recognised virtual assets, and <strong>BCU Circular 2507<\/strong> (July 2026) requires virtual asset service providers (VASPs) to obtain prior authorisation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gt-toc\">\n<p>Contents<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#regulator\">Who regulates the financial system<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#laws\">The key laws at a glance<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#aml\">Anti-money laundering and obliged entities<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#kyc\">Compliance and KYC<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ubo\">Beneficial ownership<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#fatca-crs\">FATCA and CRS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#crypto\">Virtual assets and VASPs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#licences\">BCU licences: who needs one<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#foreigners\">What it means for foreigners and investors<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#faq\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>Uruguay has an open financial system, with free movement of capital and no exchange controls, but strict transparency rules: opening an account, setting up a company, providing financial services or buying property all come with identification, beneficial ownership and anti-money laundering requirements. This guide maps financial regulation in Uruguay: who regulates, what each law says and what you need to comply with depending on your activity.<\/p>\n<div class=\"gt-hub\">\n<p>Guides on financial regulation<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/anti-money-laundering-law-uruguay\/\"><strong>Anti-money laundering law<\/strong><span>Obliged entities and duties.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/kyc-compliance-uruguay\/\"><strong>KYC and compliance<\/strong><span>Building a programme.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/beneficial-ownership-uruguay\/\"><strong>Beneficial ownership<\/strong><span>Filing with the BCU.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/fatca-and-crs-in-uruguay\/\"><strong>FATCA and CRS<\/strong><span>What banks report and to whom.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/investment-adviser-licence-uruguay\/\"><strong>Investment advisers<\/strong><span>BCU licence and portfolio managers.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/virtual-asset-service-providers-uruguay\/\"><strong>Virtual assets and VASPs<\/strong><span>BCU authorisation for crypto.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/uruguays-financial-system-characteristics-challenges-and-functions\/\"><strong>Uruguay&#8217;s financial system<\/strong><span>How it is organised.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/financial-trust-in-uruguay\/\"><strong>Financial trusts<\/strong><span>Trusts that issue securities.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/fiduciary-services-from-uruguay\/\"><strong>Fiduciary services<\/strong><span>Professional trustees and the BCU.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/financial-licences-and-regulation\/\"><strong>Financial licences<\/strong><span>Our regulatory service.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/compliance-and-governance\/\"><strong>Compliance and governance<\/strong><span>Our compliance service.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"regulator\">Who regulates the financial system in Uruguay?<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Authority<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>BCU \u2013 Financial Services Superintendency (SSF)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Licenses, regulates and supervises banks, exchange houses, financial services companies, the securities market, insurers, professional trustees, investment advisers and VASPs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>UIAF (within the BCU)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Uruguay&#8217;s financial intelligence unit: receives suspicious transaction reports and supervises financial entities on AML.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>SENACLAFT<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>The national anti-money laundering secretariat: coordinates national policy and supervises non-financial obliged entities (real estate agents, notaries, casinos and others).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>DGI<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>The tax authority: receives CRS information and exchanges it with other countries.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"laws\">The key laws at a glance<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Topic<\/th>\n<th>Law<\/th>\n<th>Who it affects<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Anti-money laundering<\/td>\n<td>Law 19.574 (2017)<\/td>\n<td>Financial entities and non-financial obliged entities<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Beneficial ownership<\/td>\n<td>Law 19.484 (2017)<\/td>\n<td>Companies, trusts and other entities<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Information exchange (CRS)<\/td>\n<td>Law 19.484 (2017)<\/td>\n<td>Banks and financial entities; non-resident account holders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Securities market<\/td>\n<td>Law 18.627 (2009)<\/td>\n<td>Issuers, brokers, advisers and portfolio managers<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Trusts<\/td>\n<td>Law 17.703 (2003)<\/td>\n<td>Trustees and trusts<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Virtual assets<\/td>\n<td>Law 20.345 and BCU Circular 2507 (2026)<\/td>\n<td>Exchanges, custodians and other VASPs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"aml\">Anti-money laundering and obliged entities<\/h2>\n<p>Law 19.574 punishes money laundering with 2 to 15 years in prison for converting or transferring criminal proceeds. Predicate offences include drug trafficking, corruption, smuggling and <strong>tax fraud<\/strong> where the tax evaded exceeds 400,000 UI in a fiscal year (or with no threshold if false invoices or documents are used).<\/p>\n<p>The law sets two groups of <strong>obliged entities<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Financial:<\/strong> every entity supervised by the BCU. They report to the UIAF.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Non-financial:<\/strong> casinos, real estate agents and developers, notaries, lawyers and accountants in certain transactions, auctioneers, art and precious metals dealers, corporate service providers and free zone operators, among others. They are supervised by SENACLAFT and also report to the UIAF.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Anyone entering or leaving Uruguay with more than US$10,000 in cash or bearer instruments must declare it. See <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/anti-money-laundering-law-uruguay\/\">Uruguay&#8217;s anti-money laundering law<\/a> for the details.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"kyc\">Compliance and KYC<\/h2>\n<p>Every obliged entity must apply <strong>customer due diligence<\/strong>: identify customers and verify their identity from independent sources, identify the beneficial owner, understand the purpose of the relationship and monitor it. Simplified measures are allowed for low-risk customers, while <strong>enhanced due diligence<\/strong> is required for politically exposed persons (PEPs) and high-risk jurisdictions. Unusual or suspicious transactions are reported to the UIAF without tipping off the customer.<\/p>\n<p>That is why a Uruguayan bank will ask for source-of-funds documents before opening an account or accepting a large transfer. See <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/kyc-compliance-uruguay\/\">KYC and corporate compliance in Uruguay<\/a> and our <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/compliance-and-governance\/\">compliance and governance<\/a> service.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ubo\">Beneficial ownership<\/h2>\n<p>Under Law 19.484, the beneficial owner is the individual who directly or indirectly holds at least <strong>15%<\/strong> of an entity&#8217;s capital or votes, or otherwise exercises ultimate control. Uruguayan companies, trusts and certain foreign entities with a Uruguayan nexus must declare it to the <strong>BCU<\/strong> and report changes within 45 days (90 if a non-resident is involved). Non-compliant entities cannot distribute profits, have their DGI tax-compliance certificate suspended and can be fined. See <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/beneficial-ownership-uruguay\/\">beneficial ownership in Uruguay<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"fatca-crs\">FATCA and CRS<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>CRS:<\/strong> since 2017, Uruguayan banks and other financial entities report to the DGI the accounts of individuals and entities that are tax resident in other countries, and the DGI exchanges them automatically with those countries.<\/li>\n<li><strong>FATCA:<\/strong> the US rule requiring financial institutions worldwide to identify their US customers. Uruguay has not signed a FATCA intergovernmental agreement (IGA); in 2024 it approved a tax information exchange agreement with the United States (Law 20.351). See <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/fatca-and-crs-in-uruguay\/\">FATCA and CRS in Uruguay<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"crypto\">Virtual assets and VASPs<\/h2>\n<p>Law 20.345 recognised virtual assets and placed their providers under the BCU. <strong>Circular 2507<\/strong>, issued in July 2026, brought <strong>virtual asset service providers (VASPs)<\/strong> into the securities market rules: anyone who habitually and professionally exchanges, transfers, holds or manages crypto-assets needs prior BCU authorisation, with capital, governance, cybersecurity, client-asset segregation and AML requirements. VASPs already operating may apply between 1 September 2026 and 31 March 2027 and keep operating while their application is processed. See <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/virtual-asset-service-providers-uruguay\/\">VASPs in Uruguay<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"licences\">BCU licences: who needs one<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Activity<\/th>\n<th>Requirement<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Bank<\/td>\n<td>Prior authorisation from the Executive and the BCU<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Exchange house, financial services company<\/td>\n<td>BCU authorisation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Investment adviser, portfolio manager<\/td>\n<td>Authorisation and registration in the Securities Market Register. See <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/investment-adviser-licence-uruguay\/\">investment adviser licence<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Investment fund manager<\/td>\n<td>BCU authorisation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Professional trustee (5 or more trusts a year)<\/td>\n<td>Registration with the BCU. See <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/fiduciary-services-from-uruguay\/\">fiduciary services<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Financial trustee<\/td>\n<td>BCU authorisation. See <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/financial-trust-in-uruguay\/\">financial trust<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Representative office of a foreign financial institution<\/td>\n<td>BCU authorisation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Virtual asset service provider<\/td>\n<td>BCU authorisation (Circular 2507)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>A family office that only manages its own family&#8217;s wealth generally does not need a licence; it does if it advises on or manages third parties&#8217; investments. For the wider picture, see <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/uruguays-financial-system-characteristics-challenges-and-functions\/\">Uruguay&#8217;s financial system<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"foreigners\">What it means for foreigners and investors<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Opening an account:<\/strong> the bank will ask for ID, tax residency, beneficial ownership and source of funds. If you are tax resident elsewhere, your account is reported to that country under the CRS.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Setting up a company:<\/strong> its beneficial owner must be declared to the BCU. See <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/opening-of-offshore-companies-from-uruguay\/\">setting up companies from Uruguay<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Buying property:<\/strong> the notary and the real estate agent are obliged entities and will ask about the source of funds.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Moving to Uruguay:<\/strong> financial rules interact with your <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/how-to-obtain-a-tax-residency-in-uruguay\/\">tax residency<\/a>; sort out both before moving your wealth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"faq\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<div class=\"gt-faq-list\">\n<details>\n<summary>Who regulates the financial system in Uruguay?<\/summary>\n<p>The Central Bank of Uruguay, through its Financial Services Superintendency. On money laundering, the UIAF (within the BCU) and SENACLAFT are also involved.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is Uruguay&#8217;s anti-money laundering law?<\/summary>\n<p>Law 19.574 of 2017, which sets obliged entities, due diligence, suspicious transaction reporting and penalties. See <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/anti-money-laundering-law-uruguay\/\">our AML law guide<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is a beneficial owner in Uruguay?<\/summary>\n<p>The individual holding at least 15% of an entity&#8217;s capital or votes, or otherwise controlling it. It is declared to the BCU.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Will Uruguay report my accounts to my home country?<\/summary>\n<p>Yes, if you are tax resident in a CRS country: the bank reports to the DGI, which exchanges the information automatically.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Do crypto businesses need a licence in Uruguay?<\/summary>\n<p>Yes, if they professionally provide exchange, custody or transfer of virtual assets: since BCU Circular 2507 they need prior authorisation.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Need a licence or a compliance programme?<\/h2>\n<p>At GlobalTax we help you work out whether your activity needs a BCU licence, prepare the application and build your AML manual, beneficial ownership filing and CRS processes, in English, Spanish or Portuguese. See our <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/financial-licences-and-regulation\/\">financial licences and regulation<\/a> service or <a href=\"https:\/\/globaltax.com.uy\/en\/contact\/\">contact us<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Who regulates Uruguay&#8217;s financial system, the AML law, beneficial ownership, CRS, FATCA, virtual assets and Central Bank licences.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":25108,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[286],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-management-of-procedures-in-uruguay"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Financial regulation in Uruguay: 2026 guide to laws and the BCU<\/title>\n<meta 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